Eastern Avenue Corp. v. Hughes

Henderson, J., delivered the opinion of the Court. This appeal is from a judgment recovered by a tenant against a landlord in an action to recover damages for injuries sustained when she fell over a hump or raised portion in the parking lot, adjacent to her apartment, maintained for the use in common of the tenants of the apartment house. The trial court submitted the case to a jury on the issue of contributory negligence, reserving for subsequent ruling, as a matter of law, a question as to the legal effect of a provision in the lease. Thereafter, the court denied a motion for judgment n.o.v. The appellee had occupied an apartment as a tenant of the appellant from 1946 until the time of the accident, October 24, 1958.

On September 29, 1954, however, she signed a lease, for one year at a rental of $72 per month, containing a clause that in default of 30 day notice by either party at the end of the term, it should “continue from year to year at the same term rental and upon the same terms and conditions * * The appellee admitted signing the lease but testified the manager had failed to send her a copy, and that she had never signed another one. She testified that she was paying the same rent at the time of the accident, but that it was increased to ⁴⁷⁹ $80 a month in April, 1959. The copy containing her signature, offered in evidence by the landlord, was not signed by it. The trial court found that the lease was not legally executed for this reason.

We do not agree. Mr. Nolker, the area manager, testified that the signed copy had been kept in the files of the corporation, and that he had issued instructions to the local manager in 1954 to have leases signed by all tenants, and to see that they received copies signed by the manager on behalf of the corporation. He testified that it was the practice to retain the copies signed by the tenants and to sign other copies to be delivered to the tenants. It has been held that a copy signed by only one party is binding upon the one signing.

See Western Md. R. R. Co. v. Orendorff, 37 Md. 328, 335 . See also 1 Underhill, Landlord & Tenant, §§ 230, 231 and Fawcett, Landlord & Tenant (3d ed.), p. 180. It may be noted that even if the Statute of Frauds had required a writing, the lease in the instant case was signed by the party to be charged. Cf.

Cline v. Fountain Rock Co., Inc., 210 Md. 78, 88 . It has also been held that where there is an entry into possession with the understanding that a written lease will be signed, a verbal contract upon the terms which the parties intended will be implied by law. Baltimore v. Steam Packet Co., 164 Md. 284, 290 ; Bonaparte v. Thayer, 95 Md. 548 ; Cline v. Fountain Rock Co., Inc., supra. See also Kikas v. Baltimore County, 200 Md. 360, 365 , and Darling Shops v. Balto.